‘Social Democracy and the Aristocracy’’s insufficient attention to race

Social Democracy and the Aristocracy, by the late John Kautsky and originally published in the late 1960s, is an interesting read especially with later additions but is severely flawed by failing to seriously discuss questions concerning race, religion and resource endowment

In recent days I have looked at one book originally published as early as the late 1960s but comprehensively revised in the early 2000s — John H. Kautsky’s Social Democracy and the Aristocracy: Why Socialist Labor Movements Developed in Some Countries and Not in Others.

Social Democracy and the Aristocracy, in the plainest and simplest terms, argues that the social democratic movements of Western Europe and Japan occurred because of struggles, not against the capitalist ruling classes, but against the aristocratic landowning ruling classes. It argues that in North America, and in many modern emerging economies like Brazil, post-Stalinist Russia, Mexico and India, social democratic movements cannot emerge because old ruling aristocracies had been largely eliminated by earlier revolutions.

Kautsky’s idea is interesting and certainly does make some sense. The hostility of the socialist working classes of Europe was always directed more at the traditional churches than at the capitalists, even if this was because they understood that Christianity was inherently opposed to rights for workers and served a critical role protecting private property. Kautsky demonstrates that the churches did nothing whatsoever to cater to the workers and this left them without the sense of belonging to a community they possessed as peasants. This led the workers of Europe to form socialist parties dedicated to radical social change, especially the overthrow of the old aristocracy.

Contrariwise, Social Democracy and the Aristocracy argues that in societies that were “modernised from above” — which encompasses all of Africa, Asia and Latin America except Japan, and also all (ex)-Stalinist nations — the absence of an aristocracy meant that workers identified themselves with the modernising regimes. Kautsky also argues that globalisation — which has made capital mobile without increasing the mobility of labour — means it is unlikely that socialist parties can achieve what they did in Europe during the first two thirds of the twentieth century.

Kautsky argues that an aristocracy was also absent in the United States and Canada, but he lets himself down here. Many writers since Charles Beard a century and a decade ago have recognised the United States as a fundamentally aristocratic society, albeit one where the white workers were (or merely saw themselves as) part of the aristocracy. Under this condition, the white workers allied themselves with the ruling class against the black minority. Because the ruling classes knew very well that having white workers as allies would both permit much greater exploitation of blacks and protect against the dangers free blacks have always been seen (and still are) as posing the US capitalist system. Plainly said, if free blacks are excluded from (almost) every job, political activism becomes the logical alternative, and having the white masses as allies constitutes perfect insurance against this threat. In Canada and Australia race was also undoubtedly important in limiting radical politics. Until the 1960s Canada and Australia (alongside the Midwest and Northwest of the United States) were Herrenvolk democracies that excluded non-whites from settlement or (with remaining native peoples) political participation. In a Herrenvolk state, genuine socialism ipso facto reduces the social status of the electorate so will invariably be rejected. Nevertheless, Social Democracy and the Aristocracy never considers this, nor any other racial questions.

Social Democracy and the Aristocracy can also be flawed for its limited focus on religion. One can deduce that the radical anti-religion attitudes of European working classes were critical in developing mass socialist labor parties, for the simple reason that traditional religions invariably used the ruling classes to legitimise them. Ireland — the one northern or western European nation without a mass social democratic labour party — demonstrates conclusively that where religion possesses a critical role in a nation’s founding, the lower classes will support that religion and consequently cannot develop a socialist labour party. The same argument can be applied to the United States and Canada, where many communities were created by religious groups fleeing persecution in Europe. The hypothesis that anti-religious lower classes are critical for social democratic labor parties is supported even more firmly by the Gulf States, which have experienced no democratisation movement whatsoever. These states were modernised from within by Muslim royal ruling classes, who made their citizen populations into a privileged caste segregated from an expatriate (mainly South and East Asian) underclass and a highly skilled Western expatriate middle class. This three-way division of the nonelites in the Gulf States, alongside the deep religious attachment of their citizen populations, has allowed their ruling classes to give capital essentially unlimited power over labour. In exceptionally resource-rich lands that without absolute rule of capital over labour would have probably the highest wages in the world, unions and strikes are completely forbidden and expatriate workers can be fired without restrictions. This unlimited power of capital has created societies powerful enough to severely reduce the global power of labour and immune to externally-driven political challenges.

Another problem with Social Democracy and the Aristocracy is the absence of discussion of resources. It has long occurred to me that the ability of Europe, Japan and New Zealand to develop social democracy could be caused by their poverty in natural resources. Owing to the impact of the orogeny of the Alps in the south and repeated glaciations in the north and the Alps, Europe has been stripped of almost all critical mineral resources. Similar analyses apply to Japan and New Zealand. This is most especially true of the high-technology lithophile elements that a preindustrial society is incapable of using and exhausting — the mineral resources that do exist in young, glaciated landscapes are precisely those which a preindustrial society can exploit, but which are most easily exhausted. Especially since reading Aaron Brenner’s review of Michael Goldfield’s The Color of Politics, I have imagined that, in opposition to Brenner’s quote that

“...race becomes the deus ex machina that floats through history explaining the successive failures of working-class struggle. He [Michael Goldfield] is forced into this largely because he dismisses all the other explanations for American exceptionalism offered by the left since Marx. While some may be worthy of dismissal, others are not: the historic strength of American capital, the social and political force of agrarians...”

natural resource poverty might be what permitted strong social democratic movements in Europe, Japan and New Zealand. Lack of the illiquid, geographically fixed wealth provided by minerals should undoubtedly limit the power of capital and prevent it from dividing labour as it can so easily do in the United States. The absence of social democratic labour parties anywhere in the tropics or arid subtropics is fully in accord with this view because those regions have been too hot for glacial stripping of their minerals, although one might note that there are a number of genuinely resource-poor low-latitude nations that have been modernised from without, like Hong Kong and Taiwan. (One could argue that the modernisation of the “Asian Tigers” was deliberately done in such a manner to prevent powerful socialist labor parties developing).

A fourth fault is that Kautsky sees Leninism and the Russian Revolution as wholly irrelevant to social democracy in industrialised nations, but ignores the internationalism of the Russian Revolution entirely, and also the close connection between the social democratic parties and revolutionary workers’ parties. The workers who would later support social democratic parties frequently supported the extension of the Russian Revolution to Germany and beyond, and almost all admired the Bolsheviks for their ostensible prioritisation of the welfare of the lower classes.

All these features seriously flaw Social Democracy and the Aristocracy, although I found it very much worth the read I gave it in the State Library of Victoria.

AstroDataBank’s AstroSignatures and possible minima

When I read the old (now archived) AstroDataBank astrology site during the 2000s, the site’s president Mark McDonough wrote studies of excess and lack of fire, earth, air and water (with water, McDonough did another later study archived here).

I found the studies fascinating at the time; however, I noticed some serious problems. If you look at the tables for lack of fire, earth (available only as an early achived post dating from before I began to read the site), air and water, you will see that numerous public figures are listed as having a lack of all four elements. This is, of course, logically impossible as planets must be in signs or houses of at least one element.

When I read the original AstroDataBank, I noticed also that there were exceptionally few people other than those obviously errant (as discussed in the preceding paragraph) entirely lacking fire. The following table of all non-errant people listed in the tables from the preceding paragraph should illustrate this. [Biographies are given directly from the original without any alteration due to spelling errors or dialectical variations, while colours are listed as the opposite of the “common” colour of the absent element]

Name	Element	Biography	RR
Aaron, Dave	Earth	American UFO researcher. Owner of largest inventory in the world of UFO videos (25,000 hours) and tapes (6,000 hours) which he sell from his home office in Yucaipa, CA, the UFO Audio-Video Clearing House, established c. 1990. He supplies videos of alleged UFOs to films and TV. Footage was released on major TV networks in Hong Kong, Japan, Australia, England and U.S. on the Alien Autopsy 8/28/1995, 8-10' film footage that claims to show autopsies of several aliens that crashed in NM. He had an UFO sighting in 1965 when his dad called him outside to see a radiant disk that had landed. When he approached, a beam of light burned his chest, leaving a scar. Formerly married
Aavikko, Armi	Water	Finnish Beauty Queen, a singer and model.	A
Aimee, Anouk	Water	French actress with a film debut in 1947, a hauntingly beautiful brunette, feline, graceful. The daughter of theatrical parents, she studied dance at Opera of Marseilles, followed by drama lessons in Paris. She was highly acclaimed in "Les Amants de Verone", 1949. With little interest in fame she made few films, which including "La Dolce Vita," 1959, "Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man," 1981 and "A Man and a Woman" at the height of her career, 1966. Of her five marriages, the fourth was to British actor Albert Finney 8/07/1970.	AA
Albertini, Giampiero	Earth	Italian voice-over actor who dubbed Peter Falk's voice for the TV series "Colombo" in Italy. Died of a heart attack 5/13/91.
Ali, Muhammad	Water	American light-heavyweight gold medallist, the only man to win the heavyweight championship of the world three times. He began boxing professionally on 10/29/1960 and became world champ in 1964 by knocking out Sonny Listen. His title was declared vacant after he refused military obligation as a Moslem because he was a conscientious objector. Ali later changed his name and reentered the ring in 1970, fighting with singular grace and beauty for 25 years. He had four wives, two mistresses and nine kids that ranged from college age to infancy. Kids are one of his great pleasures, his own or any. Ali stops and goes out of his way to pick up a child or ask about people's children. At home, he spends many hours signing Muslim handouts and photos of himself, replying to fan mail, reading the Koran and praying. Islam means to him submitting to the will of God and being at peace. He feels that there is truth in all religions imbued with love. In the '80s, he developed Parkinson's, moving slowly and trembling. The disease is caused, said his doctor in 1987, by injuries sustained in his 61-event boxing career. In the '90s, he lived comfortably on a farm in Michigan with his fourth wife, Lonnie. He travels frequently, usually in the company of his longtime friend and personal photographer, Howard Bingham, for book signing of Bingham's book of photographs, "Muhammad Ali: A Thirty Year Journey." People flock to him, one of the most popular and beloved figures of the sports world of the 20th century. His illness has matured him and made him a serious man, to whom people listen as he slowly formulates the words. Financially, he's comfortable for his later years. In addition to his 200-acre farm in Berrien Springs, MI, Ali owns his Deer Lake training camp and much of the mountain on which it was built - the camp is now being used as a home for abused children - as well as sizable tracts of land in Virginia. He has several vehicles, including a Rolls-Royce and a Winnebago motor home. At the Summer Olympics in Atlanta in 8/1996, he lit the torch, an emotional moment for a nation of fans.	AA
Andrew, Prince	Air	British royalty, the son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, the Duke of York, second in the line of succession to the throne after Prince Charles. Handsome and poised, he gained the nickname of "Randy Andy" for his romantic escapades. On 7/23/1986, he married Sarah Ferguson; they had two daughters together. Andrew and Ferguson separated on 3/19/1992. An official palace announcement of their divorce came on 4/16/1996.
Aquino, Corazon	Water	Filipino aristocracy, from a wealthy family background. She was educated in convent schools and she became the devoted wife of an ambitious journalist and aspiring politician. A homemaker, she enjoyed cooking pasta, playing games with her children and cultivating her garden. Devout, modest, shy and conservative, she has remarked that her happiest times were the three years of exile in Newton, Massachusetts where she lived a simple life outside of the political eye. At the Far Eastern University in 1953, Corozon began dating Benigno Aquino, a wealthy and promising young man. She dropped out of her legal studies after one semester and they married on 10/11/1954, five kids. For the better part of three decades, she lived contentedly in the shadow of her husband. By the early '70s, Aquino seemed a sure bet for the presidency, succeeding Marcos whose final term was ready to expire in 1973. Marcos had different ideas. In 1972 he declared martial law. His first political prisoner was Ninoy Acqino, who remained in prison for more than seven years. Adversity forced Cory out of the house and into worldly matters. She had to get involved in the family sugar business and take over political obligations, becoming her husband's ambassador at large. Their conjugal visits at his prison were nerve-racking. She would carry a large towel and tape to cover the closed circuit TV camera and they whispered because of electronic listening devices. In 1980, Aquino was permitted to go to Boston for heart surgery. For the next three years he had a research fellowship at Harvard. When he returned home on 8/21/1983, he was shot in the head as he left the aircraft. Cory pledged to continue his work. In November 1986, Cory found herself under tremendous pressure to run against Marcos, and with popular support broke the dictatorship to became President. At first her inexperience showed in naïve statements and uninspired public speaking. Gradually she gained strength, fired by the enthusiastic crowds that greeted her everywhere. Cory Aquino has changed history, and history has changed her as well.	B
Arrau, Claudio	Earth	Chilean-American concert pianist, one of the great pianists of the 20th century. In a career that spanned eight decades, Arrau was prized for an aristocratic approach to the great works of the 19th century. He showed his musical abilities early. His dad, Carlos Arrau, died before he was a year old and his mom supported the family by giving music lessons. When he was four, he startled his mom by playing from memory some of the pieces her students were learning. A child prodigy, he gave his first concert at five and began international tours at nine, in 1912. He made his Berlin debut in 1914 and toured Europe in 1918. In 1927, he won the Grand Prix Internationale des Pianistes, in Geneva. He moved to the U.S. in 1941, performing in the U.S. and abroad, winning many international awards. He later resided in Germany, which claimed his mind and his intellect, though his heart always remained loyal to Chile. Arrau had stopped performing in June 1989 after the death of his wife, Ruth Schneider, a German-born mezzo-soprano whom he married in 1937. He was visiting Austria for a rare appearance, a private recital to open a museum when he was stricken with stomach problems. He died 6/09/91 of complications from emergency intestinal surgery, Mürzzuschlag, Austria.
Arroyo, Stephen	Earth	American astrologer and noted author, winner of the 1992 Regulus Award for the Human Experience.
Ashley, Elizabeth	Air	American actress, young, beautiful and intense when she appeared in her first stage role in "Take Her, She's Mine," 1961-62, for which she won a Tony. In 1963 she starred in the comedy, "Barefoot in the Park," and made her screen debut the following year in "The Carpetbaggers." After two more films, she withdrew from her public life until the early '70s. Once married to George Peppard, 1966-1970, she had one son, Christian, born in 1968. She later married and divorced actor James Farentino. In early 1977, she moved back to Los Angeles from New York City where she had appeared in "Caesar and Cleopatra" with Rex Harrison. Driving to San Francisco to visit friends one weekend, she found herself running out of gas. It was about 3:00 AM without much chance of finding an open station, so when she saw a sign, she turned off the freeway to find an all-night station. While she was checking out the pumps, three men came out of the darkness, very drunk. They beat her and dragged her into the bushes where all three raped her for a nightmare hour, then took her money and left. In pain and raw, she drove off, found a truck stop and an emergency clinic. They cleaned up the wounds but she did not tell them about the rape. It was too ugly, too dirty, too brutal to remember. Ashley managed to forget it. In the next year she gradually put it away so thoroughly that it was not until she testified at the rape trial of a friend that she remembered, 16 years later. After staying with friends for five days, Ashley drove home. She told her nine year old son that she'd had a car accident. Ten months later she sent Christian to stay with his dad and dropped out. She went to St. Bart's, an island in the Caribbean for the next three years, isolating herself. She had an almost irrational attitude of not wanting to be seen as a victim. By 1981, she returned to the States, broke and needing work. She hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live and, from 1982 to 1984, appeared on Broadway and on the road in "Agnes of God." While starring in the Broadway production of "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof," she became friends with Tennessee Williams. On the morning of 3/09/1986, she landed in Edmonton, Alberta, where she and Sandy Dennis were to discuss doing a play together. Customs officials thought her strung out, nervous and red-eyed. They searched her, and after finding cocaine and heroin, took her to jail in Leduc, a small town near Edmonton. Bail was set at $5,000 and she later had to return to court for fine and sentencing. Her autobiography, "Postcards From the Road," was published in 1978. In TV, Ashley played the role of the eccentric Aunt Frieda in "Evening Shade" in the early '90s.
Aurobindo, Sri	Air	Indian religious leader and writer, a guru. He was well educated with a successful mundane life before he founded his City of Light Ashram in Pondicherri, India. His writings exemplify the highest in Indian thought. "Mother Mira" Richard worked with him in the Ashram and carried on after his death on 12/05/1950, Pondicherry.
Bach, Barbara	Water	American actress, a sensual, voluptuous lead in European and U.S films. A former model, she began in spaghetti-western films and became a Bond girl in "The Spy Who Loved Me" in 1977. She met Ringo Starr on the set of "Caveman," 1981, and they wed the same year. She has done little screen work since. In 1988 they both spent five weeks at an Arizona rehab clinic for alcoholism. She had two kids, Francesca (born 1969) and Gianni (born 1972) from her earlier 10-year marriage to Italian industrialist Augusto Gregorino.	A
Baldwin, Karen	Water	American Beauty Queen who was named Miss Universe in 1982.	A
Balser, Ewald	Earth	German actor in "Rembrandt," 1942 and "Erotica," 1949. He also directed Shakespeare's "Othello" and Goethe's "Faust." Died on 4/17/1978, Vienna.
Banks, Russell	Air	American writer who dedicated his sixth novel, "Affliction," to his dad, a pipe fitter who died in 1979. With an alcoholic father, he experienced a childhood of turbulence and confusion. He was the eldest of four kids and was beat up by his dad every once in a while. Despite his home life, he excelled in sports and academics. When he was 12, his dad left the family, leaving a love-hate relationship behind him. Banks became a clerk, and was married and a father at the age of 19. He repeated his dad's pattern of abusive drinking and was divorced in 1960. His second marriage occurred in 1963, lasted until 1977 and produced three daughters. After his divorce, he went back to school, working as a teacher as he wrote. His third marriage lasted for five years, and the fourth was to poet Chase Twichell. "Continental Drift," 1985, was his fifth novel.
Baretti, Pier Cesare	Air	Italian president of the Soccer Club of Florentina. He died in an airplane accident at Pinerolo on 12/05/1987, 11:38 AM, Pinerolo, Italy.
Beatrice, Princess of York	Earth	British royalty, the first daughter of Sarah Ferguson and Prince Andrew, the Duke and Duchess of York. At the time of her birth, she was fifth in line for the British throne. Her dad was present at her birth, and she weighed six pounds and 12 ounces.
Bellamy, Ralph	Water	American actor on radio and TV with more than 400 stage roles and 100 movies. His career spanned eight decades in all, in which he acted with such ease and regal quality that he could do any role. In 1987, he was given an Honorary Oscar. The son of a Chicago advertising executive, he did not care much for scholastics, but did well in the school drama club. At 15, he had a brief job as an extra on a film and it may well have been then that the acting bug bit him. He was expelled from school in his senior year for smoking under the stage, so he worked as a soda jerk, a store clerk and a fruit packer. He ran away from home at 17 and joined a Shakespearean theatre company where he learned to act during the '20s in stock productions. Working as a stage manager, he made $40 a week. Moving on to New York, he found that the big city was not ready for him and reached a point so low that he was living on peanuts, literally, and once stole a bottle of milk from a doorstep. Bellamy continued to work in stock companies while haunting the offices of agents. Finally he won a role. His debut on the New York stage was in "Town Boy," 1929. It closed after two performances, but it led to a good job as leading man with a company in Rochester, playing opposite Helen Hayes. In 1931 he took his talent to Hollywood where he began to make a decent living in films such as "The Secret Six," "Second-Hand Wife" and "Air Mail." During the early '30s, he and Charles Farrell bought 53 acres of Palm Springs land for $3,500 and built their own tennis courts. The property later became the Palm Springs Racquet Club, which Bellamy finally turned over to Farrell. In 1933, he became a founding director of the Screen Actors Guild and throughout his career was active in organizations designed to help actors. His roles began to steadily improve. He returned to New York for stage work at times, co-produced and directed a melodrama and began doing a great deal of radio work. Altogether he had 16 successful years on Broadway. Though he was working steadily, Bellamy was at a low point financially in 1949. A third divorce had hit him hard, along with medical bills for his daughter. It was then he was offered a play, "Detective Story." The play was a hit and led to his award-winning TV series, "Man Against Crime," that ran for five years. "Sunrise at Campobello," in which he appeared as Franklin D. Roosevelt, opened 1/30/1958 and became the triumphant highlight of his professional career. He appeared in several other TV series, "The Eleventh Hour," 1963-64, "The Survivors," 1969, "The Most Deadly Game," 1970 and "Hunter," 1976. His role in "Rosemary's Baby," 1968, was a change of pace, playing a Satanist. In 1983 he was in "Trading Places," and in 1990, in the romantic comedy, "Pretty Woman." His first of four marriages was on 7/06/1941 to 1945. His marriages to Alice Delbridge, Catherine Willard (with whom he had two kids) and Ethel Smith ended in divorce but the fourth, to Alice Murphy in 1949, lasted to his death. His friends remarked that he was always affable and kind. He kept physically fit, exercising at sunrise every morning. Bellamy died of lung illness on 11/29/1991, 2:18 AM PST, Santa Monica, CA.	AA
Benjamine, Elbert	Water	American astrologer, the founder of the Church of Light who used the pseudonym of C.C. Zain. He is the author of the "Brotherhood of Light" series of philosophical and astrological textbooks. Up until 1900, he studied as a naturalist, at which time he was contacted by the Brothers of Light during a mystical experience. Died in 1951.	A
Berry, Francis	Earth	English-Malaysian poet and critic who worked in a lawyer's office until his first poem was published in 1934; by 1937 he had won awards. After the war, he lectured on English literature. His first book as a critic came out in 1958, "The Poet's Grammar." He also wrote "Poetry and the Physical Voice," 1962. Married, he had two kids. In 1941, he converted to Catholicism.
Biagi, Vittorio	Fire	Italian dancer, choreographer and ballet director. He was a member of Milan La Scala from 1958-1960 and the Ballet of the 20th Century from 1961-1966. He appeared in many Bejart ballets. From 1964, he worked in choreography.
Binder, Jamie	Earth	American pro astrologer. A successful executive in the communications field with a Masters degree, she quit in 1977 while going through an identity crisis. She devoted her full time to studying astrology and wrote her first book in 1984, which was published by ACS in 2/1989. Her books include "Planets in Work: A Complete Guide to vocational Astrology." A member of NCGR, she has been a consultant since 1979.
Blake, George	Earth	Dutch double agent for nine years, he acted as a spy for England while delivering top secrets to Russia. On 9/01/1948, he was appointed Vice-Consul. Amazingly, he was not arrested as a spy until 4/04/1961. On 10/23/1954, while still a spy, he married. At his trial in 5/1961, he was given a prison sentence of 42 years. Blake escaped his confinement on 10/22/1966 and fled to Russia with the aid of Sean Bourke. The entire escape saga was related in a drama by Bourke entitled "The Springing of George Blake," 1970.
Bone, Jan	Air	American freelance writer who sold over 400 articles to the National Enquirer alone, plus many more to other magazines and papers. Her books include "Understanding The Film," 1976 and "The Thompson Indictment," an expose of political corruption, 1978. She was married in 1951 and has four sons.
Borbon, Princess Elena	Water	Spanish royalty, the first daughter of Juan Carlos and Sophia. She married Jaime de Marichalar on 3/18/1995 in Seville in front of 1,300 guests. The 110,000 citizens of the city celebrated the marriage for three days. Borbon and Marichalar met in 1987 while attending the Sorbonne; they courted discreetly and married extravagantly. As the Duke and Duchess of Lugo, they moved to Paris.	AA
Bordet, Jules	Water	Belgian scientist, a bacteriologist and physiologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1919. Died on 4/06/1961, Brussels, Belgium.	AA
Brenner, Paul	Water	American physician, an obstetrician and leader in the holistic health movement.	AA
Brewster, David	Earth	Scottish scientist, a famous Victorian who invented various optical instruments and the kaleidoscope while working in the fields of reflection, absorption and polarization of light. A prodigy, he entered the university at 12 to study for the ministry. By the time Brewster completed his studies, he had settled on science as his field. During his distinguished career he received many honors, including knighthood. Died on 2/10/1868.
Bridges, Tom	Air	American astrologer whose interest began in 1984 after three years study. He worked three years for Llewellyn, then four years for Matrix where he co-developed their computer programs on horary and midpoints. Bridges wrote the synastry text for Philips Intermedia. In 8/1994, he began with "Mountain Astrologer." Bridges is the teacher of an eight-part astrology course at Cheshire Rose Books, Sacramento called "Expanding Astrology Techniques." He was married to Randy, a realtor, on 3/05/1988.
Brynner, Yul	Air	Russian-American actor who was dynamic, slightly mysterious and famous for his shaven head and piercing gaze. The son of a Mongolian mining engineer and a gypsy mother who died at his birth, he spent his first eight years in China. He was then sent to live with his maternal grandmother in Paris, but she died soon after. He attended school in Paris for a while but dropped out at 13 to join the circus, performing as an acrobat and clown. After an injury on the high trapeze, he turned to the stage. An early bout with TB also limited his gymnastic activities, so he moved into the performance of Russian and Gypsy songs in clubs. He learned English to go along with his ability to speak Russian, French, Japanese and Hungarian. In 1941, Brynner moved to the U.S. His New York stage debut was in February 1946 on Broadway, playing opposite Mary Martin in "Lute Song." After 142 performances, Brynner took the show on tour. In 1948 he returned to New York, settling into the role of actor, director and producer in the fledgling TV industry, ultimately directing episodes of "Studio One," one of the more successful live anthology shows of the '50s. A knowledgeable photographer, he directed TV from 1946-1947. He fell in love with the script of "The King and I" when Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein offered him the role. The opening in New Haven, CT, February 1951, was a disaster. The show was nearly five hours long and had only conflict between the King and Anna, without the tenderness and attraction that was added later to the script. With the book cut and sweetened, they opened in New York on 3/29/1951. It was a first-night hit. Brynner won a Tony in 1952 and an Oscar for the 1956 movie version. A non-conformist, he was one of a kind and unique. It was for his audition for "The King And I" that he first shaved his head. His first starring movie was "The 10 Commandments." The films "Anastasia," "The King And I" and "Commandments" were all done in an 18-month period. For the film version of "The King And I," he repeated his charismatic stage performance. Brynner resumed his role as the King of Siam on 5/03/1977 until the end of his life, with a last performance on 6/30/1979, reaching a total of 4,625 times that he had played the role in 26 years. Brynner made a second marriage in 1960; their one daughter, Victoria, was born in their home in Switzerland in 1962. During his third marriage, he adopted two Asian girls. His fourth wife, Kathy Lee, was an Asian dancer in the show. A five-pack a day smoker, he was diagnosed with lung cancer in 1983 and given three months to live. He underwent radiation treatment in Hanover, Germany. After spending two months in a clinic for treatment that included a controversial vitamin A-based diet of spinach, carrot juice, green leafy vegetables, pineapple juice extracts and chemicals, he declared that he was cured. A fighter to the end, he died on 10/10/1985, 1:00 AM, New York.
Buchan, Sir John	Water	Scottish politician and novelist who published more than 50 books. He was elected Chancellor of Edinburgh University in 1937. Died on 2/11/1940, Montreal, PQ, Canada.	AA
Butler, Dollie Lee	Water	American lawyer and lecturer who was one of the founding members, and the attorney, for Far Horizons Theosophical Camp in the Sequoia National Forest.	A
Byron, Ada	Earth	British noted family, the Countess of Lovelace. She is the daughter and only legitimate child of the sixth Lord Byron, whose marriage to her mom lasted a year. Her mom was obsessed with dominating and controlling her, giving her a good education, but massive social repression. Studied from age five, she showed an early gift in math, and gradually formed an ambition to work as a mathematician. Byron was an accomplished harpist. With few friends, she married an older man at 19 and had three kids before she was 24. On 6/05/1833, she met Cambridge professor Charles Babbage at a party. As they became friends, she lost interest in her household and social life, offering to work as his assistant in 1842. Byron did a brilliant job with technical annotations to his calculator. Historically, her genius is recognized, and she is often called "the first programmer. "In 1841, she was greatly upset by the expose of a family scandal, which alleged that her dad had an incestuous relationship with her half-sister. Byron had health problems and mood swings that ranged from elation to fatalism, which she treated with opium and brandy. She also had an impulsive love affair. Found to have uterine cancer, Byron died just before her 37th birthday on 11/28/1852.
Cage, Nicolas	Water	American actor and noted family, the son of August Coppola, a professor of comparative literature and dancer Joy Vogelsang. He was born with that certain something that the camera captures, that invisible magic that makes him impossible to ignore, that makes him hauntingly memorable. From the beginning of his career he was described as a "punk hunk," with "endearingly dopey sexuality." The youngest of three sons, he was six when his mom began having mental health problems with which she spent years at a time in institutional therapy. He was 12 when his folks divorced and he went to live with his uncle Francis in northern California. Angry and hitter, a hyper kid, he was always the weirdo, the kid who was not picked to be on the team. "I had a lot of difficulty making sense out of life," he said. By 15 he was acting in local theater and TV roles, usually playing punk and crazy guys, turbulent, outsider roles. He gained a reputation in the '80s as wild and weird, going through his problem period with drugs and alcohol and one-night stands. In film, he played in "Raising Arizona," "Firebirds," "Wild at Heart," and "Moonstruck," 1987, in which he made a memorable impact. On 3/25/1996 he was nominated for an Oscar as Best Actor for "Leaving Las Vegas." His sixth movie in two years, "Snake Eyes," opened in August 1998. Cage broke up with his girlfriend of the prior four years, Jenny Wright, in 1987. He and his girlfriend, actress Christina Fulton had a son for whom they share custody, Weston, born on 12/26/1990, Los Angeles. After eight years friendship with actress Patricia Arquette, they married 4/27/1995. They had first met in 1987 and at that time, went together for three weeks before their scene faded. Over the years they kept in touch while each had a child with someone else. Neither being conventional, they bought a castle in Hollywood as their home.	AA
Canoletti, Grace	Water	Brazilian model who was fourth born of eight girls. She was a redhead who worked in TV ads from 1981. She was the only girl not born in Sao Paulo, born at the home of her maternal granddad.	AA
Capodaglio, Wanda	Water	Italian actress and comedienne.	AA
Carpenter, Richard	Earth	American musician, a member of a popular brother-sister singing team, "The Carpenters" who sold millions of hit records in the early '70s. He started piano at 12 and studied classical piano at Yale before the family relocated to Downey, CA, 1963. He formed his first group in 1965; a jazz-pop instrumental trio with sister Karen on drums and their friend Wes Jacobs (who later took a seat in the Detroit Symphony) on bass and tuba. They won a Battle-of-the-Bands at Hollywood Bowl and landed a contract with RCA. The two singles that they cut were considered "too soft" and never released. The trio broke up in late 1966. The Carpenter siblings recruited four Cal-State students into the vocal harmony band "Spectrum," playing local gigs. As "The Carpenters" they hit the charts by 1971, moving into Emmy country. They hosted a short-lived variety series on NBC in 1971, and among their credits, played the White House by the request of President Nixon 5/01/1974. On 2/04/1983, Karen Carpenter died of complications from anorexia at their parents home in Downey, CA, leaving Richard solo.
Carroll, Lewis	Water	English logician and mathematician who was a shy, fussy bachelor. Regarded as a crank, he stammered badly and was deaf in one ear. However, Carroll liked little girls, and, for the daughter of a friend, began to create fantasy story. He authored fables and fantasies, including "Alice in Wonderland," 1865. Died on 1/14/1898, 2:30 PM, Guidford, England.	B
Clayton, Derek	Earth	British track and field star, the world's fastest marathoner 12/03/1967 when he stunned the athletic world by becoming the first to race the classic distance in two hours and 12 minutes, a title he held to 10/25/1981 when the record was beaten by a 23-year-old American, Alberto Salazar.
Close, Glenn	Earth	American actress, the daughter of a surgeon and a 12th generation New Englander raised on the family 500-acre estate. She performed in high school plays and folk-singing groups, though actually a lyric soprano, continuing to polish her craft through college before hitting the New York stage. She made a film debut in 1982, "The World According to Garp." A natural actress, Close won nominations as Best Actress in "Fatal Attraction," 1987 and "Dangerous Liaisons," 1988. Her top roles also included "The Big Chill" and "The Natural." On Broadway, she won a Tony for "The Real Thing," and also raves for her "Sunset Blvd." Close lives in New York as a single mom to her daughter Annie Maud, born in 1988 with producer John Starke. With two marriages behind her, she announced her engagement to eight-year-younger stage carpenter Steve Beers in March 1995.
Cole-Whittaker, Terry	Air	American Religious Science pastor from 1977, a fireball who took San Diego by storm with her up-beat, you-can-do-it message. A former beauty contest winner as Miss California in 1968, she became a housewife and mother of two daughters when she made the first of her four marriages. She is the author of "How to Have More in a Have Not World."
Collins, Gary	Water	American actor, a feature player in minor films that include "The Pigeon that took Rome," "Airport," and "Angel in my Pocket." He later was the TV host of "Hour Magazine." Collins married a former Miss America, Mary Ann Mobley.	A
Collins, Kevin Andrew	Water	American kidnapped child. On 2/10/1984, age 10, he was abducted, San Francisco, CA. His parents founded the Kevin Collins Foundation to help other parents who 've had their kids stolen, by putting out flyers, organizing searches and forming support groups. Kevin was never found.	AA
Cortes, Armand	Water	American character actor on screen and stage from 1914. His films include "The Return of Tarzan," 1920, "The Crowded Hour," 1925 and "Bluebeard's Eight Wife," 1938. Cortes died 11/19/1948, San Francisco	AA
Currie, Edwina	Earth	British conservative politician and Jr. Minister in the Dept. of Health and Social Security. Returned at General election 6/11/1987 as a M.P.
Dahl, Arlene	Air	American actress on film and TV whose works include "The Black Book," 1949 and "Journey to the Center of the Earth," 1960. She had four years on a TV soap, "One Life to Live." She later became a cosmetics businesswoman. After writing 16 health and beauty books, she published her first novel in 1987, "The Corporate Body." A great beauty, Dahl married seven times, the last to 18-year-younger Mark Rosen. She accepts the theory of reincarnation and avidly follows astrology, becoming a practicing pro herself.
Daly, Tyne	Earth	American actress who drifted into her field with stage work, low-budget films and TV guest shots as a natural outcome of having acting parents. Her career began with traditional roles, type-casting her in "modern woman" shows with a message, often feminine or other vital issues. In the early '70s she began to guest in a wider range and became a superstar with the popular TV series "Cagney and Lacey"; playing Cagney, one of two female cops. Daly married Georg Sanford Brown; three daughters born in 1968, 1971 and 1985. He husband directed some of the episodes and played in a few. After C&L concluded in 1988, Daly packed on 40 pounds which did not hamper her talent; she won a Tony for "Gypsy" 1990. Her credits also include an Emmy nomination in 1977 for "Intimate Strangers." She divorced her longtime husband with a bitter custody battle for their youngest daughter, Alexandra. In 1996 she was pictured socially with Clarence Williams, a black actor formerly on Mod Squad.
Dandridge, Dorothy	Earth	American entertainer and actress, accomplished as a singer and actress on stage, film and TV. The daughter of actress Ruby Dandridge, she and her sister appeared together as youngsters. She played in the Cotton Club, 1938, Las Vegas, New York Mocambo, 1951, Rio de Janeiro, 1953, and Palm Springs, 1963. Her films from a debut in 1937 included "Since You Went Away," 1944, "Island in the Sun," 1957, "Porgy and Bess," 1959 and "Malaga," 1962. On radio, she played in a series, "Beulah." Dandridge married and divorced dancer Harold Nicholas. She published her autobiography in 1970, "Everything and Nothing." Died 9/08/1965, West Hollywood, CA.
Depp, Johnny	Water	American actor, a baby-faced heart throb who began as a guitar player with the "Rock City Angels" when he was cast in the TV series "21 Jump Street" in 1987 to become a star. His screen debut was in "Nightmare on Elm Street" followed by "Cry-Baby" and "Edward Scissorhand." Depp has a kind and generous side, but for the most part shows off his wild temper, a dark side that is self-destructive with stupid thrill-seeking tricks such as blowing on fire with a mouth full of gas. He lives a vagabond life, spending a lot of time at the Viper Room, the club he owns in Hollywood. He started smoking at age 12 and now chain-smokes. He lost his virginity at 13 and was using all types of drugs by 14. He married at 20 for two years. On 9/13/94, 5:30 AM, Depp was arrested for criminal mischief, suspected of a drunken fight with his girlfriend, model Kate Moss, during which he wrecked a $1200 per night room in a posh New York hotel resulting in $10,000 in damages. Randi Reisfeld has published a biography on Johnny Depp.	AA
Dern, Laura	Earth	American actress and noted family, the daughter of Diane Ladd and Bruce Dern, both Oscar-nominated actors, and related on her mother's side to playwright Tennessee Williams. Her parents divorced when she was two and she grew up with her mom. She was 12 before she formed a relationship with her dad. By nine, she was interested in acting. Though not encouraged by her parents, Dern made a film debut as an extra in "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore." She took acting classes and had a first substantive role in "Foxes" at 11, and a breakthrough as a blind girl in "Mask." Playing opposite her mom in "Rambling Rose," they both earned Oscar nominations. In 1993 she played in the monster hit, "Jurassic Park." She and her co-star, Jeff Goldburg, began a romance at that time. By 1997 they were no longer together and she was seen in the company of Billy Bob Thornton. Dern studies metaphysics and philosophy, practices yoga and meditation.
Diepenbrock, Alphons	Water	French composer of the romantic movement; he wrote masses and church music. Largely self-taught, he was a music teacher. Died 4/05/21, Amsterdam, Netherlands.	AA
Dudley, Robert	Water	British nobility, the fifth son of John Dudley. When Queen Elizabeth I ascended the throne, he became her favorite with offices, honors and wealth bestowed upon him. In 1564 he was created Baron Denbigh, Earl of Leicester and Chancellor of Oxford University. In his expeditions, he demonstrated no military capacity. Due to his close friendship with the Queen, when his wife, May Robsart, was found dead at the foot of the palace stairs, he was suspected of aiding her fall. He later made a second marriage and had a son 8/07/1574. He denied the marriage but did agree to support the boy. Died 9/04/1588 at Cornbury, England.	AA
Duel, Peter	Air	American actor; star of TV series "Alias Smith And Jones". He discovered acting while in college. A heavy drinker, he also dealt with emotional problems. He had a car accident on 10/24/1970 while intoxicated. He was beginning to receive praise for his series, but was discontented with it. Nonetheless, it was a shock when he committed suicide by gunshot in his mouth 12/31/1971, 1:33 AM, PST, Hollywood, CA.
Duncan, Sandy	Earth	American actress, on-screen after her appeal in TV commercials caught the attention of the public. Her films include "Star Spangled Girl," 1971. She made her bid for stardom in two short-lived TV series, and replaced Valerie Harper in "The Hogan Family," 1987-1991. She lost one eye in a serious operation to remove a brain tumor.
Eco, Umberto	Water	Italian novelist whose "Name of the Rose," 1980, was made into a 1986 film. His 1988 novel, "Foucault's Pendulum," involves occult themes and conspiracies. A medieval scholar for more than 30 years, his only claim to popular fame was a chatty weekly column in Italian newspapers until his phenomenal overnight success in early 1980. He also publishes essays, a resident of Milan, Italy.	AA
Fairchild, Morgan	Water	American actress best known for good underwear and bad intentions in seductive roles in various TV series, "Search for Tomorrow," 1971, "Dallas," 1978, "Flamingo Road," 1981-1982, "Paper Dolls," 1984, "Falcon Crest," 1985-1986 and "The Haunting of Sarah Hardy," 1989. Though she made a few films, TV was definitely her medium. Shy as a kid, her mom put her in acting school. She married at 17 and divorced. She went through a prima-donna period while she was on "Flamingo Road," flouncing her weight around. She published a book "Superlooks" 1984. In the early '90s she had a breast enhancement that was poorly done and looked like two grapefruit stuck on her chest. When the job was redone later it was much more attractive.	AA
Ferguson, John Errol	Earth	American homicide; found guilty on 5/25/1978 of six murders and sentenced to death by execution. By 1990, he was still on death row with delays caused by appeals. A good-looking black guy, he was diagnosed as homicidal and dangerous by court psychiatrists in 1975 when he was acquitted of six robberies and two assault charges on a plea of insanity. He was given 18 months prison and two years probation and released in May 1977. That same month, he robbed, savagely beat and shot an elderly couple in a motel. On 7/27/1977, he forced his way into a private home posing as a repair man and with three accomplices, shooting eight people in the head execution style, six of whom died. It was a drug-related crime. Ferguson was suspected of rapes on October 14 and October 30, 1977. On the later date, he shot two teenagers parked in a car and wounded, they drove off. He raped a woman on October 31. On 1/08/1978, he shot to death two teens in a parked car. He was arrested 4/05/1978 and taken to trial.
Fitzgerald, Zelda	Earth	American noted family, the wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Slender, with bobbed hair and short dresses, she was the epitome of the Jazz Age. She married Scott in 4/1920, and they drank and played together. Their one daughter was born in 1921, and she had several abortions. Slipping into dementia from 1925, she first entered a Swiss sanitarium in 1930. In and out of sanitariums, during her lucid periods she studied ballet, wrote and painted. She died in a hospital fire 3/10/1948, Asheville, NC.
Flight Manager	Water	Scottish-American Flight Manager for a 27-year career, retiring in 1953. He moved to Canada at 19, in 1953. He married and divorced, had a couple of children. After retirement, he and his companion, Dawn, opened a Bed-and-Breakfast home.	A
Friedman, Stanton	Earth	American nuclear physicist and propulsion systems expert who worked on the Pioneer Spacecraft. Known as "Mr. Flying Saucer," he has made a study of saucers since 1959 and is convinced that 90% of all sightings are explainable and that at least 30,000 of them are valid phenomena. A UFO advocate, he began lecturing to large audiences in the United States and Canada in 1968 and has given over 400 lectures.
Gandhi, Sonia	Earth	Italian-Indian political wife. The daughter of an industrialist in Turin, straightforward, intelligent and something of an introvert, she met Rajiv Gandhi when they were both students at Cambridge University. It was love at first sight and they married on 2/25/68 in New Delhi. Their son Rahul was born in 1971 and daughter Priyanka in 1972. Sonia was reared in a rigidly traditional household in a small industrial town in northern Italy. She and her two sisters were not allowed to date boys unchaperoned. Yet, when she was 18, she was allowed to go to a language school in Cambridge. In January 1965, she met 20-year-old Rajiv while having lunch with a friend. In spite of their language barrier, their attraction was mutual, intense and permanent. A friend described their relationship as "an overwhelming love story" up to the time of Rajiv's death. After they married, Sonia moved to the family home in New Delhi where the different generations lived and ate their meals together. Sonia was content to play the role of the faithful daughter-in-law, the "bahu," running the household, buying clothes for Indira and putting up with Sanjay's temper tantrums. Though her mother-in-law, Indira Gandhi, did not approve of her son marrying an Italian, they later became close. Sonia became an Indian citizen on 10/28/1983, giving up her Italian citizenship. Articulate in six languages, she became adept at grass-roots campaigns, feeling that the Indians were her family. Though the household was dominated by politics, Rajiv and Sonia led an apolitical life and avoided the more glamorous end of New Delhi society. Rajiv worked as a pilot for the notoriously incompetent Indian Airlines, where he became known as a stickler for efficiency. When Sanjay died in an air crash in 1980, Rajiv reluctantly had the family destiny thrust upon him though Sonia fought like a tigress to dissuade him from entering politics. When Indira Gandhi was assassinated on 10/31/1984, Rajiv stepped immediately into her shoes as P.M. As the new P.M., Rajiv was optimistic, though utterly unqualified for the job. After Indira Gandhi died on 10/31/1984, it took Sonia literally years to come to terms with the horror of the assassination. She avoided seeing people and often fell silent for long periods. Taking up art restoration as a hobby, she edited the correspondence between Indira and Nehru in two volumes. On 5/21/1991, suddenly and violently, her husband was assassinated. Sonia was offered the post of Party President within 24 hours of her husband's death but she refused due to her dislike of publicity or the limelight and her fear of exposing her family to further risks. She retreated into herself, drawing consolation from her children and her home, which became a shrine to her beloved martyred husband. Her circle became small and closed and she made few public appearances. Her private secretary, Vincent George, became her spokesman. In 1997 she quietly became a member of the Congress Party. Her position is aided by the fact that she looks much like the Nehrus, who are high-caste North Indians, with her dark hair and brown skin. After her husband's death she dedicated her life to raising her son, now 27, and daughter, 26, and to running foundations. She finally agreed to enter politics when party leaders assured her that a "working" president of her choice would take care of day-to-day party work. The election was like no other country had ever seen. There were more than 600 million registered voters and the ballot boxes had to be transported by donkey, fishing boat and mountain porter. There were nearly 5,000 candidates, some of whom were colorful, if unlikely, such as a bandit queen who had 63 court cases pending against her. Anarchic violence exploded in voting disputes. Some of the voting boxes were captured by bandits who shot the guards and stuffed the ballet boxes. India has over a thousand different languages and entrenched religious and caste divisions, and many powerful splinter groups have broken off into chaotic segments. On 1/11/1998 Sonia Gandhi emerged from her private life to campaign on behalf of Congress, giving her first speech in Sriperumbudur, where her husband had been murdered. She told the crowd, "Devotion to India brings me before you, not a desire for political office." She covered the subcontinent by jet and helicopter, visiting 138 constituencies in a 34-day tour, an unparalleled campaign. She drew larger crowds than any of her rivals. At a rally in Old Delhi, some 80,000 people merged, screaming and pressing forward when she appeared. She scurried to the front of the platform like her late mother-in-law, mouth set tightly, no time to waste, with her two handsome, smiling children following her. She read her speech in a woeful voice with heavily accented Hindi, telling the story of her life; how she had taken the bullet-ridden body of her mother-in-law to the hospital through the streets of Delhi and how she had sacrificed her husband for India. She told how she had arrived from Italy in 1968 with a return ticket, but "Delhi was the place of my second birth and the ticket, like my past, was lost in the sands of time." People wept, and when she repeated "Hail India" three times, as Indira Gandhi had once done, the crowd roared. On 3/14/1998 Sonia Gandhi was elected president of India's Congress Party, defying Indians who had said that she was not fit to head the organization that led India to Independence 50 years before. Her election reaffirmed the family dynasty that has dominated the party since the days of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first post-independence Prime Minister.
Gavazzeni, Giandrea	Air	Italian musician, conductor, composer and critic.
Gelfan, Corinne	Water	American actress and folk singer since 1966, with credits in many theatrical productions, commercials, and musicals, including musical comedy. She did six episodes of "General Hospital" in 1984.	A
Genovese, Vito	Earth	Italian-American Mafia chief since 1957, known for being in the rackets and the business of murder. "Don Vitone" as he was called, reportedly directed operations from prison while serving a sentence of 15 years. He was married; two kids. Died in Leavenworth, KY prison of a heart attack 2/13/1969.
George V, King	Water	British royalty, the second son of Edward VII and Princess Alexandra and heir to the throne when his brother, the demented Prince Albert Victor, died in 1892. He was trained for the Navy and became Vice-Admiral in 1903. Succeeding his father in 1910, he gained immediate and lasting popularity for his courage and national devotion during WW II. He married Princess Mary of Teck in 1893; six kids; five sons and a daughter. The story endures that when he suffered from terminal illness at age 70, his doctors gave him a merciful overdose of morphine with the agreement of his family, 1/20/1936, 11:55 PM, Sandringham, London.	AA
Giscard d'Estaing, Valery	Water	French financier and politician, the President of France 5/19/1974 succeeding Georges Pompidous. He served with the French Resistance during Nazi occupation during WW II and began his government career specializing in finance, 1952. Wealthy, aristocratic, intellectual, he skis, hunts, plays football and flies his own plane. Married; four kids.	AA
Goria, Alexandre Adolphe	Water	French composer and chamber pianist, noted in the 19th century. Died 7/06/1860, Paris.	AA
Gortner, Marjoe	Water	American youthful evangelist who, from the time he was an adolescent, toured and preached the Bible Belt for 15 years. He became an actor in 1971, playing himself in the film "Marjoe." His role in "Marjoe" was followed by B films and minor TV roles. Gornter produced "When You Comin' Back, Red Ryder?" in 1978. He was married at age 16 and had one daughter. Gortner married Candy Clark in 1978; the relationship lasted for only a year.	AA
Gough, Melvin N.	Earth	American pilot; graduated as a Navy pilot from Pennsacola in the '20s to become a famous test pilot and chief of the Flight Research Division of NASA 1959.
Griffith, D.W.	Earth	American stage actor and road manager before entering film, when he became a pioneer director and producer in blossoming Hollywood. He produced the first full-length feature in 1915, "Birth of a Nation." Died of cardiac arrest 7/23/1948, Hollywood, CA.
Hamilton, Scott	Water	Canadian ice skater, a superlative Olympic figure skater who won the U.S. Men's Championship in 1981 and 1982 and the World Championship in 1981 and 1982. Symbolizing eternal youth in skating with his charismatic energy and gnome-like and puckish features, he appears wispy and fragile at 5'3", 115 lbs. just seconds before blowing audiences away with his superlative skating; he is tremendously exciting in the arena. Adopted as an infant by Ernie and Dorothy Hamilton, he suffered from digestion problems up until age nine. It was then that he took up skating, with his wins starting in 1981 with four consecutive national and world titles to go with his Olympic medal. His mom died of breast cancer in 1977. Since 2/1997 he has suffered from back and stomach pains. On 3/16 he went to the doctor to find that he had testicular cancer that had spread to the abdomen. As he is a beloved big brother to other skaters, his colleagues rallied around him through the next three months of chemotherapy treatments. On 6/24/1997, he had surgery to remove a cancerous growth on his abdomen in Cleveland, OH. His diagnosis remained positive, and was expected to return to the ice in September.	A
Hansberry, Loraine	Water	American writer of a production that was the first play by a black woman to be produced on Broadway, running for 19 months. "A Raison in the Sun" was a wonderful caustic comedy of a black family in Chicago that received a windfall of money. Hansberry was married on 6/20/1953. Her second Broadway play, "The Sign in Sidney Brustein's Window," 10/1964, was produced three months before she died of cancer on 1/12/1965, New York, NY.	AA
Hauer, Rutger	Water	Dutch actor who does well in villainous roles such as in "Blade Runner," "Nighthawks," and "The Hitcher." From his first film, "Turkish Delight," 1973, he spent 18 years honing his craft with powerful portrayals of androids, terrorists, Nazis and psychopaths, with the occasional role of a heroic figure. The son of acting parents, he ran away to sea at 16 for a year and spent a short time in the Dutch army before entering drama school and graduating in 1967. World known and traveled, Hauer lived in Ireland with his lady love of 16 years; they married in 1986. A decade later he had homes in northern Holland and in Hollywood where he spends two-thirds of his time in film production. From 1978, he has worked almost exclusively in American productions. He has had a vasectomy as a precaution against pregnancy with his lady.	AA
Hayes, Woody	Water	American football coach at Ohio State University in 1951 who went to the Rosebowl eight times. With his leadership, Ohio State dominated the big ten in the mid-'70s; he won four years in a row, 1973-76. However, Hayes found it very difficult to adapt to the updated game methods of modern athletes. He reached the end of his career when he punched a Clemson player on national TV during the Fiesta Bowl; he was fired shortly after.	AA
Herold-Paquis, Jean	Water	French journalist who collaborated with the Nazi's. He was executed for treason on 10/11/1945 at Montrouge, France.	AA
Hershensohn, Bruce	Air	American broadcaster, media commentator and author who was the one time head of the U.S. Information Agency's film division. He is the author of "Gods Of Antenna," and has held a lifetime interest for politics. The highly intelligent son of a physician, he became a TV commentator in 1977, capturing huge ratings. He later became a political critic on the news, adding radio commentary in January 1980.
Hussein, Prince	Water	Jordanian royal family, he is the Prince of Jordan and the son of King Hussein and his second wife, Toni Gardiner.	A
Johnson, Kevin	Earth	American professional athlete of basketball and baseball. Selected by the Oakland A's in 1986 as a free agent baseball player, he then started playing basketball for the Phoenix Suns as a first round draft pick in 1987.
Juliana, Queen	Water	Dutch Queen of Holland 09/06/1948 upon abdication of her mother, Queen Wilhelmina, due to her mother's poor health. She had been a member of the Council of State for 20 years and was considered the mother of the country. Unpretentious, her countrymen considered her one of them. During the WW II occupation, the Queen and family resided in Canada for a five year stay. Queen Julianna was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Consort Henry. Queen Juliana met Prince Bernhard in 1937 and they had four daughters together, 1938, 1939, 1942 and 1946. This continued three generations without any male heirs.	AA
Junger, Sebastian	Water	American writer, the author of a best-selling first novel, "The Perfect Storm," 1997, the story of the 1991 sinking of a Gloucester, MA fishing boat. The book tells the story of the six men who went down with the Andrea Gail in one of the worst storms on record, a three-day northeaster that slammed ashore on 10/31/1991. Junger has built his writing credits with articles for magazines on such topics as wilderness wildfires, nature and its awesome capacity. The son of a physicist and an artist, Junger forged his own path, enjoying the solitude of the woods and of the challenges of survival. He made extra cash as a high-climbing tree cutter, a hard and dangerous job that gave him with a chain-saw gash in 1994. He graduated from Wesleyan University with a degree in cultural anthropology in 1984, drifting into odd jobs as he honed his writing.	AA
Kaufman, Andy	Water	American actor who performed his off-beat, highly original, stand-up comedy and impressionist routine on TV, in clubs and concerts. His act ranged from brilliant to boring to bizarre. His career snowballed after he began appearing on Saturday Night Live, 1975, and then became a regular on the series, "Taxi," 1978. He was in the film "Heartbleeps" with co-star Bernadette Peters, in which he played a romantic robot. He died of lung cancer 6/16/1984 at the age of 35.	A
Keppler, Wilhelm Carl	Water	German personal advisor, engineer, chief liaison and industrialist, he was Hitler's personal advisor on economic affairs and the chief liaison between the Nazi party and the business world. On March 5, 1933 he was elected to the Reichstag and appointed Reich Commissioner for Economic Affairs. During WW II, he served as Secretary of State. At the end of the war, he was sentenced to ten years prison in the trial of April 14, 1949. Released by clemency action on 2/1/1951, he died June 13, 1960	AA
Kirkland, Gelsey	Water	American actress, dancer and prima ballerina. After seven years of study, at the age of 15, she worked at the Corps de Ballet of NY, two years later a soloist and a prima ballerina for both the NYC Ballet and American ballet. A daily cocaine user by 1986, she met writer Greg Lawrence and together they broke the coke habit. She didn't dance for two years. She was so browbeaten by Ballentine that she went through cosmetic surgery (shorter ear lobes, silicone injection of lips and breasts) to make herself perfect. By 1994 she was teaching dance in Manhattan, with an acting debut to her credit in a role on L.A. Law 2/10/1994.	AA
Knight, Jordan	Water	American musician and member of "New Kids on the Block," a manufactured rock group of superstars that originated in the working class of Boston. They were discovered by a promoter who hooked up with Motown to hype the act, composed of the two Knight brother, McIntyre, Wood and Wahlberg. Jordan is the lead singer and known as a hunk to his screaming teenage fans.	AA
Legros, George Cardinal	Water	American writer, poet, teacher and astrologer. The editor of "Fate's Astrology Forecast" in the early '60s, his book of poems "The Mystic Testament" was published in 1961 and he was the publisher of the "Messiah" until his death. Died of lung failure 2/15/1988 Weaubleau, MO.	A
Lightfoot, Leonard	Air	American actor, portraying the role of the lawyer in the TV sitcom "Silver Spoons."
Lilly, Antonietta	Air	American artist, author and psychotherapist. She co-authored the book "The Dyadic Cyclone" and was a contributor to the book "Communication Between Man and Dolphin" with her husband, John Lilly.
Lindemann, Ricardo	Air	Brazilian astrologer, interested in karmic and spiritual counseling, He was the Vice-President for the Theosophical Society of Latin America.
Lindfors, Viveca	Water	Swedish actress and director with a face carved of magnificent planes and angles. She debuted in film in 1940 and moved to Hollywood in 1946. Lindfors had three marriages and three children. She died 10/25/1995.	A
Long, Howie	Air	American football linemen, actor and TV sports commentator. Playing for the Raiders for 13 years, he was one of the best defensive linemen the NFL has ever produced. Winning a Super Bowl Ring in 1984, he was also known for misdeeds and fighting on the field. Starring in nine Pro-Bowls, numerous trophies and awards, sustaining nine surgeries, he retired in 1994. He then became a TV commentator for Fox-Sports for two years leading him into two titled acting films, "Broken Arrow" and "Firestorm" in 1997. Long is also the Chairman of Athletes and Entertainers for Kids. Raised in a tough section of Boston, his father was a milk loader and his mother was a homemaker. His parents splitting up when he was twelve, he lived with his maternal grandmother and other kin. At age 14, he was playing football in school. He married Diane Addonizio in 1982; three sons; a family he neglected due to putting a career he loved in first place.
Long, Huey P.	Water	American politician known as "The Dictator of Louisiana" while he was Governor, 1928-1931; lecherous and corrupt, nonetheless a beloved and popular man. He resigned to become a US Senator 1931-1935. While walking down a State Capitol corridor 9/07/1935 he was shot. He died three days later, 9/10/1935, Baton Rouge, LA.	A
Luther, Martin	Earth	German reformationist who was ordained a Roman Catholic priest in 1507, but broke from the church in 1519, denying Papal supreme power. Condemned as a heretic, he began the Reformed Church in April of 1525.Luther married in 1525, enjoying a happy home life with six kids. Died on 2/18/1546 Eisleben, Germany.
Maffei, Michele	Earth	Belgian swordsman who was a Gold Medal winner at the 1972 Olympics in Monaco.
Magritte, René	Earth	Belgian painter who was among the greatest creators of poetic images while remaining at the same time consistently realistic. He started as a modernist but became one of the surrealist group with the belief that through ideas and conscious manner one became adept. Prior to devoting himself to art, he worked as a civil servant. His childhood was heavily traumatic with the death of his mother when he was 12; she drowned herself with no explanation. In 1913, Magritte met his wife-to-be for the first time. The couple drifted apart, but eventually re-met in the early '20s and married. In 1927, they moved to Paris but three years later returned to Brussels where they spent the rest of their lives. Died on 8/15/1967, Brussels, Belgium
Mair, Michael	Water	Italian skier who specializes in downhill racing.	AA
Mans, Keith	Earth	British politician, a Member of Parliament returned at the general election held on 6/11/1987.
Marx, Jenny Julia	Water	British activist, the fourth daughter and sixth child of Karl and Jenny Marx in their 12 year marriage, the only one to unite her lot with England and marry an Englishman. From 1883 she played a significant part in the British working-class movement. Known as "Tussy" she committed suicide at a youthful 43, in 1898.	B
Masina, Giulietta	Air	Italian actress who acted with such depth and passion that she was able to imbue the ordinary with touches of the bizarre. Some of her films included "La Strada," "Juliet of the Spirits," and "The Madwoman of Chaillot." Her screen debut came in Rossellini's "Paisa," and she was the star of several films written by her husband in the '50s and '60s. She married Federico Fellini, the great director, on 10/30/1943. They first met in 1942 when Masina appeared in a radio play which Fellini had written, and she totally identified with his career. He died five months prior to Masina of a heart attack. Masina died of lung cancer on 3/23/1994, Rome, Italy .;
McCrindle, Sir Robert	Water	Scottish Member of Parliament who was returned at the General Election on 6/11/1987.	AA
McPherson, Aimee Semple	Water	Canadian-American evangelist who was the first missionary in Hong Kong until her first of three husbands died in 1908. She arrived in Los Angeles in 1918 with $10 and a tambourine and began the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel; within five years she was a top attraction in town. As an evangelist and outstanding showman she offered salvation, healing and baptism, playing to audiences of 5,000 in the $1.5 million Angelus Temple. Throughout her lifetime she set up 400 churches, 200 missions, a Bible college and a radio station. She was often dubbed the "Barnum of Religion." She died of an overdose of barbiturates on 9/27/1944, Oakland, CA.	B
Meese III, Edwin	Water	American Attorney General who was appointed by President Reagan in 1984 and served as a long-time aide. He was first named as a presidential counselor in November 1980, a job which paid $72,200 a year. His appointment became a continual embarrassment to the Reagan administration as he was a highly disorganized public official and seemingly oblivious to ethics. His personal finances were a reckless morass of debts; at one point in 1982 he owed nearly $483,000 in personal loans. He seemed unable to keep his modest personal finances in check, making him a questionable choice for his government position.	AA
Mercator, Gerhardus	Earth	Belgian cartographer, mathematician and surveyor who invented the Mercator map projection and was the most notable geographer of his time. He was famous for building globes that showed the earth and heavens, and won lasting fame with his world map of 1569.After having strokes in 1590 and 1693, he died on 12/05/1594 OS, Duisberg, Germany.
Morinus, Johannes	Earth	French astrologer who studied philosophy and physics and became absorbed in astrology in Paris. Some of his prestigious clients included Richelieu, de Medici and Louis XIII. He was the author of a magnum opus, "Astologia Gallica," in Latin. Died on 11/06/1656.
Nicholson, Jenny	Water	American professional astrologer who gained overnight fame when news of her appointment as an advisor to a Union County commission was picked up by API. Commissioners in La Grande, a northeastern Oregon community of about 12,000, came under fierce criticism from the local press and others, after news of the appointment broke on 7/7/1988. Nicholson intended to offer the commissioners astrological guidance without charge, but dropped the appointment instead.	AA
Niehenke, Dr. Peter	Water	German astrologer and psychotherapist who has been practicing for 15 years. He conducts self awareness groups and has been a leader in German astrology groups. In 1997 he put out a data collection on disk that repeated data from Gauquelin, Bordoni, Schepel and Rodden, arousing some criticism due to the lack of accurate editing.	AA
Nijinski, Vaslav	Earth	Russian dancer who is noted for being the greatest male dancer of all time, his style being one of high and soaring leaps. He entered ballet school at age nine, and debuted in 1908. In 1913 he married another dancer, Romala. He was hospitalized with hopeless schizophrenia at the age of 28. He died on 4/8/1950, London, England
Nobuhito Takamatsu, Prince	Water	Japanese royalty, the younger brother of Emperor Hirohito.	B
Pacino, Al	Water	American actor, one of the most accomplished stars of his generation who remains a private, enigmatic figure. The only child of Salvatore and Rose Pacino, raised in the mean streets of the Bronx from the time he was two, he is an intense Sicilian. With his mom sick, he dropped out of school at 17 to work as a janitor, movie usher, furniture mover and office worker to bring home an income. His studies at the New York actor's studio led to a small role in "Me, Natalie," in 1969, leading to "The Panic in Needle Park," 1971. When he was selected to play in "The Godfather," 1972, it changed his life forever, not only winning him an Oscar nomination but directing his smoldering, subtle sensitivity into powerful portrayals of complex characters. He won a Tony in 1969 for his Broadway role in "Does the Tiger Wear a Necktie?" and a second Tony for "The Basic Training of Pavlo Hummel." His films include "Serpico," 1973, "Dog Day Afternoon," 1975, and "Scent of a Woman," for which he won an Oscar as Best Actor on 3/29/1993.	AA
Palmer, Arnold	Water	American champion golfer, a pro from 1954. He won the Masters in 1958, '60, '62 and '64, the British Open in 1961 and 1962, the U.S. Open in 1960, Tournament of Champions in 1962, '65 and '66, Vadon Trophy 1961 and PGA Player of the Year in 1960. During his career, Palmer has won seven major pro tournaments. The son of a golf pro, he had his first club at age three. After serving in the Coast Guard for three years, he won an amateur title in 1959 and turned pro. The first golf millionaire, he lives as spectacularly as he plays. On 7/21/1970 he was named Athlete of the Decade. Married twice; two daughters. He had surgery for prostate cancer 1/15/1997 in Rochester, MN.	AA
Parker Bowles, Camilla	Earth	British news figure as the mistress of Prince Charles, heir to the throne of Great Britain. Known to her friends as Millie, she is the daughter of a wine merchant and a mother who is the daughter of the third Lord Ashcombe. She met Andrew Parker Bowles shortly after her coming-out party at 18, in 1965.She and Prince Charles probably met in the early '70s, some say 1972. They had instant rapport as they both loved horses, fishing, hiking and architecture. They always had a close, comfortable friendship, calling each other Gladys and Fred after a popular TV show. When Charles sailed to the West Indies in 1973, Camilla became engaged to Parker Bowles and they married 7/04/1973. Their son Tom was born in 1974 and daughter Laura, in 1977. Charles was god-father to her son. It was while Charles and Diana were visiting at Camilla's house that they became engaged. Rumors about her affair with Charles came to a head in 1991 when she angrily denied that she had spent the weekend with Charles in Tuscany. After the publication of Andrew Morton's book, she was very upset and tried to keep a low profile. She and Andrew separated in 1992 and divorced before the court in London on 1/21/1995. After Charles and Diana's divorce, the Prince tried to gently include her in his life, having her as hostess at his dinners and gradually being seen together in public. It seemed that any chance that they might ever marry was dashed by the untimely death of Diana on 8/31/1997. However Charles' popularity rating began to increase as he took over the parenting duties of his sons and a more gracious public interaction than formerly. Quite inadvertently, due to a mix-up of schedules, she met Prince William on 6/12/1998. Shaking from nervousness, she sat and drank cool drinks and visited with the poised young Prince, the son of her arch-rival.
Parker, Eleanor	Earth	American actress whose beauty was first spotted by a talent scout at the Pasadena playhouse. She was signed by Warners but her debut scene in "They Died With Their Boots On" ended on the cutting room floor in 1941. Her flaming red-hair showed well in Technicolor and she worked in bit parts and second leads in the '40s. Her best decade of work was in the 1950s from "Caged," 1950 to "Home From the Hill," 1959, before she retired.
Peguy, Charles	Water	French author, poet and philosopher. He was killed in action in WW I on 9/5/1914.	AA
Pepper, Art	Water	American musician playing a jazz alto tenor saxophone. He was the star sax player with Stan Kenton's orchestra in the '40s. His career failed when he went too far into drug abuse but he turned it around and rebuilt his reputation before he died on 6/15/1982, Los Angeles, CA.	AA
Ray, Johnny	Water	American musician who turned to singing when his early ambitions to be an actor failed. He became an overnight success when his second single, "Cry," 1951, went to No.1, making him a bobbysox sensation. As the "Prince of Wails" he stayed on the pop charts with R'N'B until 1959 when he phased into supper clubs and extensive overseas tours. Bi-sexual, he had noted affairs with both men and women. He died of liver failure when he went into a coma 2/22/1990, Los Angeles, CA.	A
Regulus	Earth	French astrologer known for his "Dictionnaire Astrologique." Died 10/5/1978, 10:40 AM, Ste. Marguerite, France.
Rehm, Pierre	Water	French surgeon, a member of Academie Des Sciences.	AA
Rice, Donna	Water	American news figure, a pharmaceutical company sales representative and part-time actress in Miami in May, 1987 when the news story broke about her Bahamas pleasure cruise with Colorado Senator Gary Hart aboard his yacht, Monkey Business. Except for an interview with Barbara Walters, she never spoke publicly of the affair but dropped out of sight. She resigned her job, her TV commercials were cancelled and she was defamed as a bimbo for fooling around with the married Senator. Offered seven-figure amounts for interviews, she refused; she never made money from the scandal. Though Hart was in the primaries, his hopes for a presidential bid sank like the boat's anchor. Rice faced her loss of position as a spiritual crossroads. She struggled through periods of depression and entered a spiritual twelve-step program about dependency and weakness. Changing her line of work, she began the business of distributing a nutrition product. Spurning commercial offers that came from her notoriety, she did charity work for Human Rights groups. On 5/07/1994 she married Washington DC resident Jack Hughes at Monmouth Plantation, Natchez, TN.	A
Rice, Greg	Water	American actor and realtor who worked with his twin-brother to sell 57 houses their first year in real estate, starting in August, 1977. Three-foot tall, good-looking twins, they have appeared in TV commercials and shows plus a Jerry Lewis movie "Hardly Working." For a short stint, they were co-hosts of a TV game show, "Only the Best," 1982.	A
Rice, John	Water	American actor and realtor who worked with his twin-brother to sell 57 houses their first year in real estate, starting in August, 1977. Three-foot tall, good-looking twins, they have appeared in TV commercials and shows plus a Jerry Lewis movie "Hardly Working." For a short stint, they were co-hosts of a TV game show, "Only the Best," 1982.	A
Rivers, Joan	Water	American comedienne, thought by many to be the funniest lady on the planet. She certainly has one of the fastest, most agile minds in show biz. Her rapid fire mix of gossip, insults, flaunting of taboos and ridicule of flaws and neurosis is written 90% by her. She also wrote comedy for Candid Camera, scripts and material for Phyllis Diller and Zsa Zsa Gabor and humor books. Her autobiography "Enter Talking" was written with Richard Meryman, Delacorte Press, 1986. The younger of two daughter of Russian-Jewish refugees, she learned from her doctor dad to crack a joke and was making people laugh by the time she was 11. She learned from her mom that rich was better than poor, and raised with privilege and a good education. Rivers married Jimmy Sanger in 1957 and had it annulled the following year when she decided she wanted to be an actress, not a housewife. While doing off-Broadway, she worked in offices and turned to comedy in 1960 to supplement her income. By 1965 she was told that she was too old and passed over. A week later she was booked on Johnny Carson's "Tonight Show." They clicked. Their immediate rapport was a hit with the audience and she appeared for years with Carson before hosting her own "Late Show Starring Joan Rivers," with a contract for $10 million over three years. She moved into the stratosphere as America's top comedienne, the darling of the circuit with tours, magazine covers, nightclub and Las Vegas gigs, TV projects, books and records. With the cosmetic surgery she had over the years she looks fabulous, blonde, sleek and chic. Rivers married Edgar Rosenberg, who later was the executive producer of her show, on 7/15/1965. Their daughter Melissa was born in 1969. On 8/14/1987, Rosenberg committed suicide.	A
Russell, Ken	Air	British film director who aimed to shock, which he did with flair but no subtlety. Beginning as a dancer, actor and photographer, he apprenticed in a rigorous training in BBC art films, after which he turned out to be a middle-aged infant terrible of the '70s. His work included "French Dressing," 1964, "Women in Love" 1969 and "The Devils," 1971. Russell made two marriages; six kids.
Sanders, George	Earth	Russian-born American actor who won a Best Supporting Actor Oscar for his role in "All About Eve," 1950. He was known for his rude, cynical and often disagreeable demeanor; Sanders was easily type-casted as the witty heavy or dedicated crank. He appeared in 90 films from 1936. Among his works were the favorites, including "The Ghost and Mrs. Muir," "The Picture of Dorian Gray" and "A Shot in the Dark." He was born to British parents living in St. Petersburg. When he was age 11, he and his parents fled back to Britain during the communist revolution. On 4/25/1972, in a hotel room in Castelldefels, Spain, Sanders committed suicide by swallowing five bottles of Nembutal. He left behind a note saying "Dear World, I am leaving you because I'm bored. I feel I have lived long enough. I am leaving you with your worries in this sweet cesspool and good luck."
Sayako, Princess	Air	Japanese royalty, the daughter of the Emperor Akihito Heisei and Michiko Shoda, the granddaughter of Emperor Hirohito. A modern woman, she studied to become an ornithologist.
Scicolone, Maria	Water	Italian noted family, the younger sister of actress Sophia Loren. She was married to Romano Mussolini on 3/03/1962; two daughters. They separated in 1970 and divorced in 1975. She was married a second time in 1977 to an Iranian doctor from whom she later separated.	AA
Sexton, Mason S.	Earth	American astrologer, Wall Street forecaster.
Spielberg, Steven Allan	Air	American film producer and director, the winner of an Academy Award on 3/21/1994 for his direction of the Best Picture of the year, "Schindler's List." Spielberg started tinkering with film production when he was eight with his dad's 8mm camera and became a professional director by the time he was 20 for Columbia Pictures. The most successful man of the '80s and the most successful director in history, he achieved notoriety and wealth with such film greats as "Jaws," "Close Encounters of the Third Kind," "E.T." "Raiders of the Lost Ark" and the blockbuster, "Jurassic Park." Spielberg also produced several films as well as dabbling in TV production; with interests from cartoons to serious adult themes. He was acknowledged as a giant amongst the Hollywood elite and was given notable respect for his many achievements. Spielberg married Amy Irving 1986-1989 with one son, Max; the marriage was terminated with a settlement of over $100 million. He then started a relationship with Kate Capshaw; they married on 10/12/1991. As of 1998, they had six children including Max and several adopted kids.
Staubach, Roger	Water	American football quarterback, one of the all-time greats, winner of the Heisman Trophy 11/26/1963. A devout Roman Catholic, he had a squeaky-clean image. Color blind; fiercely competitive; he broods over losses. He played with the Dallas Cowboys in 1969, and retired in April 1980. Doing a stint in the U.S. N.R. 1965-69, he did a Vietnam tour. On 9/04/1965 he married; five kids. In 1985 Staubach was elected to the Football Hall of Fame.	AA
Stern, Melissa	Earth	American news figure, the child of a surrogate mother who kept her. Her mother, Mary Beth Whitehead, was the surrogate mother by contract for a 40 year-old and childless father, William Stern, and his wife. Melissa was named Sara by her surrogate mother, but removed by court order to the temporary custody of her father who filed suit for breach of contract. Lasting for two years and bitterly fought, the custody case went all the way to the New Jersey State Supreme Court. When all was said and done, Stern was awarded custody on 3/31/1987. The case was a precedent-setting trial for the legal and moral questions of surrogate parenting. Stern's victory was not total, though, as Whitehead was granted visitation rights twice a month to her "daughter." Melissa has been raised with full knowledge of the story and calls both her surrogate and biological mothers, "mom."
Stokowski, Leopold	Air	British-American famed conductor, violinist and organist by the age of 16. He emigrated to the U.S. in 1905 and began to conduct in 1908. Stokowski worked at the Cincinnati Symphony from 1909-1912, the Philadelphia Orchestra from 1914-1926 and the New York Symphony from 1944-1945. He was married to Gloria Vanderbilt. Died on 9/13/1977, Hampshire.
Stone, Steve	Earth	American baseball pitcher, 5'10", 175 lbs. who made his debut with the San Francisco Giants 4/08/1971. He later became a sportscaster.
Strehl, Jack	Air	American entrepreneur, an electrical engineer who built a national semi-conductor company in Silicon Valley. He sold the big business around 1980 and retired to full-time playing, interests in airplanes, hi-speed auto racing and many other interests. Once married, he is now divorced.
Sullivan, Erin	Earth	Canadian astrologer, the president of the Victoria Island Astrological Society. She is known as an innovative leader in a modern psychological approach to astrology and a member of the AFAN Steering Committee. Her book, "Saturn In Transit," has been published in Portuguese, Spanish, German and English; she has also authored four other books. In both Canada and the U.S., awards and commendations have been bestowed upon her for her work on Media Watch for AFAN. An international speaker, Sullivan is world traveled, speaking at renowned seminars and conferences. In the winter and spring months she lives in Scottsdale, AZ and in the summer and autumn months in London, England. In 1989 she lived solely in Oxford, England. She has two grown daughters and one grandchild.
Swinburne, Algernon	Earth	British poet of the Pre-Raphaelite movement who, unconventional in his views and personal life, shocked society with his work, "Poems and Ballads." He also caused society to drop its jaw with his play, "Atalanta In Calydon." Known as a masochist who loved to be flogged, he was suspected of being a homosexual, although no hard evidence was present. Dissipation undermined his health and he lived a quiet life after 1880. Died on 4/10/1909, London, England.
Tailleferre, Germaine	Water	French woman composer who was the only woman member of the group of young composers, "The Six." She composed her first piano piece at the age of five and started her piano concerto performances in Europe and the U.S. in 1924. From 1942-1946, she lived in the U.S., teaching and composing. Blessed with natural grace, her music was composed with charm, spontaneity and freshness. She married twice; her first husband, Ralph Barton 1925-31, committed suicide shortly after their divorce. Her second husband was a French lawyer; one daughter. It was not an easy life, she had to work hard to keep up her creative output and survive financially. In her 90s, Tailleferre was still spry and youthful, living with a granddaughter, two cats and a dog. She died 11/07/1983, Paris, France.	AA
Techter, David	Water	American parapsychologist and museum worker in charge of fossil vertebrae at Chicago Natural History Museum from 1955. He received his geology degree from Yale and is a member of Society of Psychical Research. Conducting research tests for ESP in school children, he has written reviews and published a biographical index of these studies.	AA
Urban, Hubert Josef	Water	Austrian parapsychologist, author and professor of neuropsychiatry who, as an M.D., conducted special studies in neurology, neurosurgery, neuro-anatomy and psychiatry in San Francisco, Paris, Stockholm, Breslau and Buenos Aires. From 1938 on, he served as a professor of neuropsychiatry at the University of Innsbruck in Austria. In addition, he visited India for field work in psychiatry and to investigate cases of psi phenomena, as well as to do experimental work in parapsychology. Throughout his career he held a particular interest in telepathy, clairvoyance, mediumship and the investigation of ESP before, and after, electro-shock treatments. As the author of 52 publications in the fields of neurology, psychiatry and parapsychology, he wrote the book "Parapsychology and Psychiatry," 1946, as well. He was married in 1934 and had five daughters and two sons.	AA
Van Runkle, Theodora	Earth	American costume designer for movies, an Oscar-winner. Educated at Choinard Institute in Los Angeles, she moved into film work, making her debut in 1967. She was especially noted on period films such as "Bonnie and Clyde," as well as Coppola's "The Godfather Part II," and "Mame," 1974, and "New York, New York," 1977.
Vlady, Marina	Water	French actress, an exquisite blond of international fame. A graceful and intriguing leading lady, she won the best actress Cannes Award for the Italian film, "The Conjugal Bed." She originally made her film debut at the age of ten after completing ballet training. Acting runs in the family, as her two sisters are also actresses. She was married and divorced from Robert Hossein, her director and co-star from "The Conjugal Bed."	AA
Volman, Mark	Earth	American musician, singer and songwriter, one of the two leaders of the "Turtles," a big group in the '60s that had about eight big hits. After the group disbanded, they went on as Flo & Eddie, working with Frank Zappa's "Mothers of Invention." They also did a Ringo Starr flic entitled "200 Hotels."
Walters, Barbara	Water	American broadcaster who began her career in 1954 when she joined the staff of the "Today" show. After 20 years experience, she signed a five year contract with ABC in 1975 as a newscast anchor woman at a salary of one-million dollars a year. She is a successful, cool and intelligent woman with a caring demeanor. As the daughter of a vaudeville booking agent with a flamboyant personality, she was raised in the environment of entertainers and witnessed the opening of Boston's first Latin Quarter nightclub, which made her dad wealthy within two years. She learned at the same time that fame and money come and go. She was given the advantage of a Sarah Lawrence education, and toured the continent. She had an older brother who died when she was three years old and an older sister who was born handicapped. Through their ups and downs, her family remained extremely close. Walters has been married twice, first to theatrical producer Lee Gruber for nine years. The couple were childless until they adopted a daughter in 1968. Her second marriage was to Merv Adelson in 1986; they separated in 1990 and divorced on 8/17/1992 in Los Angeles, CA. Most recently she has been an anchor on ABC's news magazine "20/20," and has her own daytime discussion show entitled "The View."	A
Warhol, Andy	Air	American underground artist and film maker who had a genius for creating attention. An androgyne and voyeur himself, his salon became the New York center of the freak scene in the '60s. When the pop-art movement exploded at the end of 1962, his drawings of soup cans and screens of the famous became hot property. On 6/03/1968, he was shot by some nut-lady; after his recovery he was somewhat subdued, but still newsworthy in the '80s for his personal outrage of convention and abberative entourage. On 2/21/1987 he had a gall bladder operation and died the next morning of a heart attack, on 2/22/1987. His estate was estimated to be worth $220 million.
Watson, Charles "Tex"	Earth	American homicide who, on 8/09/1969, while under the orders of Charles Manson, stabbed eight-month pregnant Sharon Tate to death as Susan Atkins held her. He also was involved in the La Bianca killings. After his trial, Watson was sentenced to life in prison, where he claimed to have found Jesus; he preaches one sermon a month in prison.
Whittaker, Roger	Earth	British singer born in British South Africa who is a very popular recording artist in Britain, Canada and the U.S.
Wilson, Richard	Air	Scottish actor, well known for his role as Victor Meldrew of "One Foot in the Grave."
Wilson, Wendy	Fire	American noted family, one of Brian and Marilyn Wilson's two daughters. In 1989 she played in the band "Wilson Phillips" with sister Carrie and singer Chynna Phillips. The band received three Grammy nominations in 1991 and released an album entitled "Shadows and Light," in 1992, which sold 1.4 million copies; their debut LP sold eight million copies. However, the band was defunct by 1994. Her parents were divorced in 1979 and she had a cool relationship with her father. He was very caring when she and her sister Carrie were little kids but only called twice a year by 1991. Still in the process of finding herself, Wendy frequently changes her style and hair color. She and her sister are close, with the same tastes.
Carla, Wilza	Earth	Brazilian actress who worked in burlesque as a beautiful young woman. However, she gained immense weight that changed both her figure and face and she moved into comic roles on TV.
Woodman, Marion	Water	Canadian psychologist, renowned speaker and writer	A
Wright, Marion	Earth	American cellist who took lessons from the age of 11 and played with the Indiana Philharmonic. In addition, she played with the Nashville Symphony for two years and the Kentucky Wesleyan College quartet for three years. A Mensan, she married in 1943; three kids.
Wulfing, Sulamith	Water	German painter who specialized in nature and romance-fantasy subjects, such as centaurs and magical lands. Many of her works have been reproduced on letters and post cards. "The Mystical Art," has been published containing her complete work, as well as extensive biography and many photos.	A
Zampa, Luigi	Water	Italian film director whose work includes "Vivere in Pace" in 1946. Died after a long illness 8/15/1991, Rome.	AA
Zemach, Margo	Water	American artist, a children's book illustrator. Zemach won the Calldecott medal in 1968, and completes one or two books a year. She married on 1/29/1957, and has four daughters.	AA
Ziegler, Karl Waldemar	Water	German chemist and co-winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1963 for discovery of polyethylene plastics. Ziegler died 8/12/1973 Mulheim, W. Germany.	AA

If we tabulate this, we note that the number of people entirely lacking each element is:

Element	Number entirely lacking
Fire	2
Earth	49
Air	25
Water	80

As we can see, only two public figures are shown with a complete lack of fire, yet eighty show complete lack of water! This result obviously is biased, and several features of AstroSignature explain this:

1. It is practically impossible to have no planets and the Ascendant in fire without having planets in fire houses. When the fire element is empty and not on the Ascendant, unless a second element be empty, at least some planets will most likely be in fire houses. This is because whenever planets and the Ascendant are in the same element, those planets are almost certain to lie in fire houses
2. Under the AstroDataBank scoring system deductions occur for Earth due to flowing Neptune aspects and for Water due to flowing Saturn aspects, but for Fire and Air no aspects from any planet cause deductions in the elemental score.
3. Under AstroDataBank, the low element list had (essentially) the same score for all elements, whereas the high element list had different scores adjusted to what was observed for each different element.

There exist other problems with AstroDataBank’s studies from a purely astrological perspective:

1. House positions of planets can vary depending upon which system is used, yet no statement is made about this in the discussion
2. The South Node is listed only in houses, although it remains in each sign for only about eighteen months and its sign position could never be called “generational” — so why was its sign position not listed as scoring (with perhaps an equivalent point deduction for the North Node)
3. Again with the South Node, whether mean or true was used is not noted

The differences between house systems can be seen by comparing the Placidus, Campanus and Equal charts for Algernon Swinburne — noted by AstroDataBank for lack of earth and also for excess fire:

Placidus chart for Algernon Swinburne. Note extremely strong fire emphasis and lack of any planet in an earth sign or house

Campanus House System chart for Algernon Swinburne. Note that here the fire emphasis is a little weaker because Mars and Jupiter are in the Sixth (earth) House

Equal House chart for Algernon Swinburne. Note the major differences from Placidus and Campanus, and that the fire emphasis is comparable to that in Placidus — which of course will not be true for other charts with similar Midheaven positions

Whilst the precision and relative simplicity of the AstroDataBank scoring system can be commended, and the lists were and are — like so many lists for me — fascinating, the problems discussed above are difficult to easily address even if I will confess to not thinking about it seriously.